Tips to Buy a Used Car

March 10, 2010

When buying a used car, you may be tempted to skip the tedious task of thoroughly checking out the vehicle.

Bill Brauch, director of the consumer protection division of the Iowa Attorney General’s office gives advice on the top five things you must do before buying:

1) Check the history.

While there is no one source to get all information, three good sources are:

• CarFax, for a fee,

• AutoCheck, also for a fee, and

• the new government National Motor Vehicle Title Information System at www.NMVTIS.gov. This one’s free. “If you have the time and money, check all three, but check at least one,” said Brauch.

2) Take a test drive.

“Never buy from a person who won’t let you do that,” he said.

3)   Know approximate values for the model(s) you are interested in.

“Determine value in advance of shopping,” said Brauch. “There are services such as www.kbb.com, www.nada.com, and the spring issue of Consumer Reports.”

4)   Get your financing arranged before you look at vehicles.

“The dealership has a yield spread premium where they make money. It’s not illegal,” said Brauch. “There is no question you will save money to arrange financing yourself.”

5)   Know the law for “as is” vehicles.

“Most cars are sold ‘as is’ but a certified used car meets certain standards. The dealer can’t conceal defects, but there is not a three-day grace period where you can return a car to the dealership,” he added. Advertising an “exec” car is another red flag. “Usually these are fleet cars from a large company, which the dealer may have bought at auction.

Regarding documentary fees, Brauch added, “Dealers don’t have to charge one. Iowa law says ‘no surprises,’ but there’s a fine line when a large fee isn’t in the price quoted.”


What Does Football Have to Do with Stocks?

February 6, 2010

Some think the Super Bowl outcome can predict how the stock market will fare for the year. Can that possibly be true? Should you root for the New Orleans Saints or the Indianapolis Colts?

Actually, there has been a correlation called the Super Bowl indicator. This is the deal: considering who wins, it will be an up year in the market.

According to George Kester, Washington and Lee University finance professor, the last 43 Super Bowl winners have correctly predicted whether the market will go up or down 77% of the time. If you would have followed this up with investments, you would have an impressive return.

Professor Kester’s results will be published soon in the Journal of Investing, but here’s what he maintains: “If the team that wins the Super Bowl was originally in the National Football League (NFL), the stock market will rise. If the winner was originally tied to the American Football League (AFL), the market will drop.”

The Super Bowl phenomena was first tracked in the 1980s by researchers Thomas M. Krueger and William F. Kennedy, who determined that the winning team correctly predicted the market’s direction 91% of the time from 1967-1988.

Kester did a second test to take into account the AFL-NFL merger in 1970 to see if teams’ conference affiliation would have the same effect. It didn’t. Says Kester, “You have to do a research project like this with a sense of humor and realize that this is a spurious correlation. It would be difficult for me to recommend to any investors that they based their strategy on a football game. On the other hand, in hindsight, the superior investment performance of the Super Bowl market-timing strategy speaks for itself.”

In the last seven years, the Super Bowl Indicator has been correct five times. Last year, the Steelers beat the Cardinals, and the market went up.

Ok. Now, consider both the Saints and the Colts are originally teams from the NFL. Will investors win, no matter which team prevails?


Workers Not Confident They Can Retire

February 3, 2010

Employees are less confident about having a financially secure retirement, according to the Employee Benefit Research Institute’s (EBRI) annual survey.

The Retirement Confidence Survey of 2009 showed only 13% of workers are confident they will have enough money to retire. Not surprising, given the state of our economy and low interest rates on savings and investments.

Here are the statistics the survey revealed:

• 28% of workers say they expect to retire later.

• More workers–72%–plan to work for pay during retirement, up from 66%.

• 25% of workers are confident they will have enough money to take care of basic expenses, down from 40% in 2007.

• 13% of workers are confident about having enough to pay for medical expenses, down from 20% in 2007.

So how are workers responding?

• 81% say they reduced expenses,

• 43% are changing how they invest their money

• 38% are working more hours or a second job

• 25% are saving more money

• 25% are seeking advice from a financial professional

While many are taking steps to prepare for retirement, many still don’t have a good idea of how much they need to save. Only 44% said they (and/or spouse) have calculated how much they need to save by the time they retire. Another 44% say they have guessed at how much they will need.*

* The EBRI has done this survey since 1993.


Careful How You Loan Money

January 26, 2010

It’s always tough to say no to family or good friends, especially when it comes to money.

But did you know that loans you make to family or friends are more likely to end up not being repaid?  About 14% of friends and family default on such loans. This compares to about a 3% default rate on bank loans made to consumers, according to the April issue of Journal of Financial Planning.


Why Patronize a Small Bank?

January 9, 2010

Why would you want to take a risk and have a relationship with a smaller bank in your community? It might not be as big a risk as you think, especially if the banker probably knows you.

Community banks with one or just a few locations may also:

1) offer higher yields and high interest checking accounts (Use checkingfinder.com to locate.)

2) have more competitive rates on loans (Check www.bankrate.com)

3) actually base your rate for a loan on how they know you and the quaity of your relationship,  in addition to your credit report.


Quote Rings True Today

January 6, 2010

This quote from President Thomas Jefferson speaks volumes: “A government big enough to give you everything you want is big enough to take away everything you have.”


A Lesson on Diversifying

January 1, 2010

Following is a view about diversification, from financial educator Ellis Traub:

All of us know that it’s not smart to put all of our eggs in one basket. It just makes good sense.

What makes no sense to me, after all these years of being  advised to diversify by industry and by company size, is the potential dilution of return that this practice produces. So I quit doing it! For the same reason I don’t invest in index funds or EFTs.

I’m looking for a return of as close to 15% as I can get. Therefore I invest in companies whose operations are capable of consistently producing the highest earnings growth possible. And, once I own them, I’m happy to let their managements do their jobs and keep that performance rockin’ until they can’t do it any more.

Diversification, for me, is nothing more than having enough of those excellent companies in my portfolio.

Warren Buffett says that six are enough for him because, once he’s found that many good companies, he’d only dilute his return by adding others that are not quite so good. I find it more comfortable to have at least eight, but no more than fifteen in my portfolio.  I don’t dig into the research nearly as diligently as he does [understatement of the week], so I accept a little sacrifice in my return, just to have enough to cover me when the inevitable Enrons and Worldcoms come along to prove that the “rule of five” works.

Any other effort to diversify by market sector or size—to compensate for down markets—tends to produce a lackluster return over time. Certainly investing in indexes, EFTs, or other broad “market baskets”—even mutual funds—guarantees you  no better than the average return, which is lousy, compared with the performance of the undiluted cream of the crop!

You don’t need to compensate, you just need to be patient!


Investing & Savings Websites

December 31, 2009

If you’re looking for ways to increase your investing knowledge, consider these resources from the Securities and Exchange Commission:

www.sec.gov/investor/teachers.shtml

www.sec.gov/investor/tools/quiz.htm

www.investoreducation.org


Websites on Budgeting

December 26, 2009

Here are some good sites to keep track of your money:

www.Mint.com

www.Wesabe.com

www.Money.Strands.com

www.Geezeo.com


Does Santa Have a Net Worth?

December 25, 2009

Knowing that Santa works hard so everyone can enjoy December 25, I particularly enjoyed the article below today. It’s by Julie Sturgeon, found at www.Bankrate.com:

Every year about this time, children and accountants study Santa Claus and ask: How does he do it?

The kids, of course, wonder how their red-suited benefactor gets down all those chimneys in just one night. But the accountants have another question: Exactly how does the Santa business model work?

Sure, the old guy picks up a handsome paycheck for all those shopping mall hours he puts in. And he has a few other sources of income. But then he gives away all those presents. As any parent can tell you, that’s not cheap.

So Bankrate.com, always fiscally responsible, decided to take a look at Santa’s balance sheet and see how this all works out financially.

Income

Since the 1950s, Santa Claus has found gainful employment at shopping malls across the United States, grinning for the cameras while hugging everything from screaming tots to drooling dogs. But the photography companies pocket the profit from those pricey picture packages — Santa is actually an hourly employee at the approximately 1,000 enclosed malls in this country.

According to the International Council of Shopping Centers, Santa reported for work at a majority of these locations in 2008 on Nov. 14, which gave him 40 days of employment. Because 97.1 percent of the malls extend their shopping hours during December, it’s a safe bet he’s on duty 10 hours per day, even with two meal breaks, for a time card of 400,000 hours. Then, of course, he has his traditional haunts: Macy’s on 34th Street in New York and rival Bloomingdale’s uptown. Not to be outdone, South Street Seaport has also jumped into the fray demanding his presence, so add another 546 hours.

That means Santa would bank $2,903,958.50 at the federal minimum wage of $7.25. However, a few years ago, this savvy dude capitalized on years of experience (not to mention a real beard) and negotiated an average salary of $10,000 a year with the photography vendors, so in reality he’s bringing home $10,000,000.

And because Christmas boils down to seasonal work, he has begun appearing at award nights, conventions, birthday parties and casinos throughout the year, commanding hefty fees between $1,200 and $10,000 per job. A couple of these gigs a month would pull in roughly $224,000 in extra cash throughout the year.

Unfortunately, he’s missing out on the real cash cow. According to Steve Weinberg, a shareholder with the Greenberg Traurig law firm, the holiday icon has no claim to any royalty income. For starters, his history is a bit too murky for a lawyer to establish intellectual property rights to the roly-poly, eye-twinkling, gift-giving image. Over the centuries, Santa’s identity has merged with those of Nicholas the Gift Giver — St. Nicholas, sans the red costume in Washington Irving’s tales — and Kris Kringle.

Haddon Sundblom created the current character known as Santa Claus as an advertising campaign for Coca-Cola in the 1930s, so the soft drink company actually has a stronger case to get the money than Mr. Claus himself.

“And assuming we could make the case he owns his reputation, he’s really given it up to the public domain,” Weinberg says. “In IP (intellectual property) law, if you don’t exercise control over other people’s uses of your reputation, you end up essentially abandoning your right to claim royalties.” Santa’s failure to send cease-and-desist letters to Tim Allen for portraying him in the movies was the final mistake.

Bottom line: Santa earns a little more than $13 million annually. Weinberg’s former clients, the Muppets, are actually richer than Santa.

Expenses

Santa’s gift-giving extravaganza certainly has come a long way from the days Ralphie yearned for a Red Ryder BB gun. Twenty-first century kids crave everything from interactive musical chairs to Nintendo Wiis. Using Dr. Toy’s lists of top toys in 2008 for infants through age 6 — face it, after that they stop believing in Santa, so the big guy is off the hook — we determined the average price per toy. One request per customer, please.

The damage looks like this:

Average cost per present
Age Average cost per present Number of children in 2000 U.S. Census Bureau Total dollar cost
0 – 2 $34.39 8,137,000 children $279,831,430
3 – 4 $34.39 8,077,000 children $259,110,160
5 – 6 $30.61 7,810,000 children $239,064,100

So Santa spends $778,005,690, which qualifies him for the free shipping deals. Lest you think him a spendthrift, these prices also reflect the lowest available on comparison shopping Internet sites, and he has been known to shave a few additional bucks by watching the Sunday newspaper ads.

The staff at InsureMyTrip.com say baggage coverage for these presents would be written as a cargo policy through Lloyds of London, priced at 15 percent of value, so he needs to budget $116,700,850 for the journey. On the other hand, “Santa’s never missed a Christmas, even when Rudolph’s nose was on the blink, so trip cancellation coverage is not an issue,” says Vikki Corliss, a spokeswoman for InsureMyTrip.

With crazy diseases flying about, medical and medical evacuation coverage is critical this year. He can lock in a $2 million medical and $2 million medical evacuation policy for a mere $129 premium for the night. Corliss says her company would be pleased to cover the cost of the personal policies in exchange for an InsureMyTrip.com logo on the side of Santa’s sleigh.

He needs to consider the endorsement. After all, the volunteer group of seniors in Santa Claus, Ind., save him $3,700 a year that he’d otherwise have to spend on postage answering letters from children who choose this route over the more popular e-mail option.

The sheer volume of presents means Santa’s elves need to work extended hours. While seasonal wages tend to be lower than salaries, Dan Maddux, executive director for the American Payroll Association, is very conscious of the fact the North Pole’s minus-31-degree winter temperatures puts a damper on recruiting. As a baseline, Maddux estimates Santa pays each elf $1,624 in biweekly salary.

“Since the elves are under Santa’s control and direction, and work on-site at the workshop, they are considered seasonal hourly employees rather than independent contractors,” he says. That means Mr. Claus must also pay employment taxes and provide worker’s compensation.

And let’s face it, if Macy’s had to hire 8,500 seasonal workers across just its Western division this season, Santa needs to at least match that number.

So over the five-week frenzy, he must budget $34,510,000 in payroll needs.

Finally, tired of the same old scenery, Santa Claus indulged in a summer home in North Pole, Ala., this year. He secured the 4 acres on Lot 3 on Santa Claus Lane from a Re/Max Realtor at $1,425,283 and built a six-bedroom, 5,300-square-foot home valued at $550,000. A 30-year mortgage loan for the $1,975,283 at 6 percent with 5 percent down means he has to cough up an $11,250.67 monthly payment, or $135,008.04 on the year.

So what’s it all add up to? Well, Santa’s dimples won’t be so merry when his calculator determines that he owes $931,191,823 — at least $921,191,823 more than he makes. That’s serious bankruptcy material, and he has yet to feed his reindeer.

Tara-Nicholle Nelson, a licensed real estate broker and attorney in Oakland, Calif., who owns Tierra Real Estate and Mortgage Services, offers Santa one small option. She sized up the value of his current workshop at the North Pole — which includes a 3,000-square-foot single-family residence with special features like a gourmet chef’s kitchen, a campus that houses a 2,500-bed dormitory, a 500,000-square-foot warehouse and stables — against similar properties in Alaska and determined that he is sitting on $39,745,720 worth of property.

“He’s going to have to find other work if he wants to make money,” Weinberg says. “Maybe he can be the next Harry Potter character, but of course this is only one Jewish guy’s opinion.”